At least 1000 birds were introduced into New Zealand between 1864 and 1875 and they quickly became well established throughout the country.  They are now very common in open country, farmland, tussock grassland, sand dunes and sub-alpine herb fields.

This dull, yellow-buff bird is streaked and spotted brown on the upperparts and breast.  The adult has a small crest, raised when alert.  In flight the white outer tail feathers and white trailing edge to the broad wings can be seen.  During territorial flight displays between August and January, the male soars high and slowly descends, all the time singing a continuous trilling song.  The other call is a liquid “chirrup” usually made in flight.

The diet is mainly seeds of grass, cereals, sedges, clover and weeds.  This is supplemented with invertebrates  such as beetles, flies, spiders, bugs and larvae of flies, beetles and moths.  Skylarks cause damage to crops.

Some pairs remain on territory all year and breed together year after year.  The female builds a neat grass lined cup nest in a small depression in the ground, often concealed by an overhanging clump of grass, rush or tussock.  Between September and January, 2-3 clutches of 2-5 greyish eggs, heavily speckled brown are laid.  The female incubates for c 11 days and both parents feed the nestlings.  They leave the nest at 9-10 days old but do not fly until c 20 days old.  The young breed at one year old.

The Skylark lives and breeds on Tiritiri Matangi Island.

Photography by: Dr Kerry Rodgers ©

References: Heather, B.D.; Robertson, H.A. 2000 The Field Guide to the Birds of New Zealand. Auckland, Viking.
Moon, G The Reed Field Guide to New Zealand Birds.